Substrate Integrated Waveguide Based Compact Periodic Leaky-Wave Slot Antenna With Improved Beam Scanning using [(TE)] _10^y mode

Abstract

In this work, leaky-wave radiation for wide and consistent beam scanning along with broadside radiation is proposed. Leaky-wave antenna (LWA) based on planar waveguide technology (substrate integrated waveguide) is designed using periodic loading of a new type of rectangular slot combination that is capable of beam scanning angle enhancement through broadside. This proposed compact leaky-wave antenna shows high impedance bandwidth of 37% and directive beam scanning in the leaky (fast) wave region (n = −;1) over the frequency band of 8.84 GHz to 12.9 GHz. The open stopband (OSB) problem is eliminated by combining four T-shape slots and rotating at +45° and −45° with respect to the longitudinal axis of the antenna for getting a better impedance matching. The scanning beam position changes from −74° to +15° while the frequency sweep from 8.84 GHz to 12.9 GHz, the return loss of the antenna is seen to be below −;10 dB for the complete frequency band, with a minimum value of −;50 dB. The characteristics of the designed prototype in the form of scattering parameters, radiation pattern, and gain are given.