The origin of anthropology in the mid-nineteenth century coincided with the establishment and intensification of colonialism. The colonial administrators made use of the anthropological method to understand local populations for a variety of purposes. It made the discipline as an applied science since its inception. Since then, anthropologists have been deployed to understand various social conventions to design and implement culturally acceptable policies and programmes. The range of issues ...

Food waste has led to handling and disposal problems affecting human health and polluting environment. Land disposal is one of the ways of disposing food waste but it produces harmful leachate when rain water falls on it. Reuse of food waste for biodiesel production is one of the key steps to reduce food waste problem and also meet the energy demand. Food waste in the present study was collected from the kitchen of a hostel of an educational institute located in India. This waste was dried by...

Smart home appliances with a host of different control features have become a popular research area. Most of these systems are expensive and require a complete replacement of the existing equipment. The proposed method will be able to modernize the existing home appliances and add voice command feature to almost any legacy home appliance at affordable prices. This framework will be very helpful for the needs of elderly and handicapped patients due to its minimalistic technological know-how re...

The crux of a recommendation engine is to process users ratings and provide personalized suggestions to the user. However, processing the ratings and providing recommendations in real time still remains challenging, when there is a perpetual influx of new ratings. Traditional approaches fail to accommodate the new streamlined ratings and update the users' preferences on the y. In this paper, we address this challenge of streaming data without compromising accuracy and efficiency of recommend...

Accuracy has been necessity condition to render fine spatial resolution in the mapping of land patches. Every remotely sensed image can be characterized as objects whose accuracy varies as a function of the spatial resolution. The objects can be assigned a spectral signature which demonstrates the reflection factor of the pixels. This further prompts the confusion of pixels occupying more than one class. Such pixels can be termed as mixed pixels, whereas pixels of a homogeneous class designat...

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) devices are made of small electronic chips and antenna. The proposed scheme designed for lightweight authentication protocol using simple HMAC or SHA-1 hash operation. The scheme is mutually authenticated and it also achieves security against possible known attacks. The proposed RFID scheme is formally and informally analyzed using Proverif and AVISPA tool. The security analysis shows that the scheme achieves efficiency and is applicable for lightweight ...

The smart city and smart infrastructure is a new concept, for managing and controlling the different infrastructure of the city by integrating it with the internet and cellular network. The integration of Internet of Thing (IoT) with the cellular network again adds more scalability and reliability to the existing system. The recent development in the Integrated Radio Frequency Identification (I-RFID) sensor more securely sends sensor data to long distances through access point (AP) and base ...

Internet of Things (IoT) is an anytime-anywhere networking technique to connect the smart objects irrespective of their location. The growing world of IoT is accompanied with a growth in the number of associated sensors, growing at a much faster rate. So, the role of choosing appropriate sensors to synchronize with the IoT services in different applications becomes a big challenge owing to the heterogeneity, diversity and huge number of sensors, different user requirements and preferences, s...

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) applications have gained a lot of popularity using which the products can be uniquely identified using the radio signals. With the advancement of technology, the need for mobile RFID readers have been increased rapidly. A lot of RFID authentication protocols have been proposed and most of them have considered the channel between reader and server as secure and also most protocols requires high computational power for RFID tags and according to EPC Class-1...

The Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) is a new paradigm for the next generation wireless and mobile communication for handling a large volume of heterogeneous data-centric devices and communication devices on the same platform. The introduction of cloud technology along with virtualization on the mobile communication platform added more scalability and flexibility to the cellular base station (BS). The centralization of Base Band Unit (C-BBU) also leads to the minimization of the capital cos...

An effective low-cost intrusion detection system is necessary for smart homes, offices, server room since number of theft operations are being reported day by day. For preventing this an intrusion detection system is required which is placed in a monitoring location and can track the intruders distance, velocity, and date of occurrence. An active sensor such as, the ultrasonic sensor is used since it has good accuracy and is able to track the intruders distance in the range of meters. The HC-...

Taking a multidisciplinary approach, in this paper I intend to argue that religious attributes of the transgender community in the Indian context such as emasculation, surgery, birth and death rituals, and initiation ceremony have much to offer to form a distinct religion. The attributes as well as theological practices though have a genesis in pan-Indian religious tradition, it goes beyond the uniformity of the same and as a way to destablilize the religious devices, makes the dominant relig...

Gelatin, chitosan and bioactive nanoceramic based composite scaffold with tailored architectures and properties has great potential for bone regeneration. Herein, we aimed to improve the physico chemical, mechanical and osteogenic properties of 3D porous scaffold by incorporation of bioactive ceramic phase into biopolymer matrix with variation in composition in the prepared scaffolds. Bioactive nanocermics such as hydroxyapatite, β-tricalcium phosphate and 58 S bioactive glass were synthesize...

Free space optics (FSO) has achieved prominence in extremely large bandwidth, unlicensed spectrum and low power secure transmission in the field of wireless communication. Despite the advantages, it is deeply impacted due to atmospheric turbulence and fog weather conditions. This paper considers different modulation schemes under the presence of atmospheric turbulence and fog conditions. The desired expression of bit error rate (BER) is obtained by modeling the turbulence as gamma-gamma dis...

A dual mode microstrip patch antenna operating at 2.45 GHz is presented in this article. The design and analysis of the proposed antenna with two modes that is on-body and off-body is accomplished by ANSYS HFSS Electromagnetic software. The on-body mode is obtained with the help of square-ring patch, whereas the off-body is achieved with slotted circular patch placed inside the square-ring patch. Both the patch antennas are independently fed, but share a common ground plane among them. Radiat...

Industrial waste like fly-ash which is producing environmental problems, is mainly used as a construction material due to its low cost and easy availability. Disposal of such wastes is the major issue faced by the thermal power plant these days.But the main disadvantage of these bricks is its low strength. So, a lot of research is going on to increase the strength of these bricks.The present research work is carried out to develop a new systematic procedure to produce fly ash composite bricks...

Capacitors have an advantage over batteries with respect to the endurance for charge - discharge cycling and power density. Capacitors can replace Li-ion batteries if energy density can be increased significantly. Use of electric double-layer capacitor (EDLC) is restricted because of the relatively low energy density of EDLC in comparison with lithium ion battery and the leakage of liquid electrolyte from packages. The capacitance density of multi-layered ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) has been i...

Cu-based composites reinforced by MWCNTs were developed by PM route and their microstructure, mechanical properties, sliding wear behaviour and crystallographic texture was investigated. The MWCNTs were synthesized by LPCVD technique and was functionalized using acid modification route. Cu-1, 2 and 3 wt. % MWCNT composites were developed by blending the Cu and MWCNTs powders which were later consolidated under a uniaxial load of 565 MPa and sintered at 850°C for 2 h in Ar atmosphere. A signif...

Due to the nondeterministic nature of concurrent systems it is very challenging to design and develop the system. The most feasible way to handle the unavoidable and undetected errors of constructing any concurrent system is to build a model of that system before its actual development. Among various modelling technique, Petri net model has been proved to be a best technique for modelling and validating concurrent systems. One major application area of Petri nets is modelling routing protoco...