Air pollution is one of the major concerns in the world, especially some of the toxic gases when in excess may have dire impacts on human health and are like CO2, NH3, and Particulate Matter etc. The temperature, humidity, and wind speed are also the weather parameters having their effects and causes for other gases in the environment. This paper concerns with the development of hardware which provides the concentration level of significant gases i.e., CO2, NH3, O2, PM2.5 using MQ-Series gas ...

Road transport-related air pollution is one of the critical issues for most of the developing countries as the emission of air pollution during transportation causes severe physical and psychological health problems. Hence, the identification of pollution-free route is the most critical aspect in the case of air pollution management for smart city users. This research paper proposes an optimal routing solution algorithm (ORS) approach that predicts the pollutant value for the road network and...

Air pollution occurs when harmful gases such as CO, NH3, etc. concentration levels increase above the threshold level specified by the World Health Organization (WHO). Among this, one of the very important parameters is particulate matter. These are tiny particulate that they reach directly to the lungs and cause breathing problems. The standard level of range for pollution is already given by the central governing body of India i.e., Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in terms of the Air...

The efficient and economic structures are high in demand in various firms due to the requirement of lightweight, a feasible joining of similar/dissimilar materials, safety and high durability. Adhesively bonded multi-material joints are coming into use in various structural applications due to the potential utilization of the merits of individual constituents. This research work provides the importance of adhesively bonded joints with different material combinations, which in turn were invest...

Due to high strength and better corrosion properties, Ni-based alloy components are used in different machineries that are exposed to extreme/impact loading conditions. Structural re-designing of these metallic system can improve their impact resistance and bearing capacity. In this perspective, we have performed molecular dynamics simulation to analyze the effect of Ni-Nb metallic glass on attenuating the shock damage in crystalline Ni-amorphous Ni-Nb nanolaminate structure. Results have sho...

Object detection is an attractive research interest in recent years. It plays an significant role to understand the image in video analysis. Object detection technique has improved in computer vision when deep learning method came to the picture. From the last two decades, several algorithms have been developed and improved to detect the object in different conditions and still, it has number of challenges. The objective of this paper is to provide a short survey on object detection and its c...

The city applications and services are targeting how to frame the upcoming Internet of things (IoT) based applications and services for the perspective of the smart city. The acceptance, arrangement, and execution of cutting-edge wireless services and applications have to be designed in the manner to allow facing the difficulties of smart cities. There is intelligence, analytical and conduct automation that permit the influencing better policy and smart deployment. Nowadays various work is go...

Software defined networks provides a global network view with centralized management. To maintain the network configuration, multiple controllers are required. The network performance depends on the optimal number of controllers and their placement.Due to the large size and complexity involved, meta-heuristic algorithms are the probable choice that can solve the problems in an acceptable amount of time. This paper addresses the controller placement problem in SDN by using two meta-heuristic...

Distracted driving is one of the primary causes of car crashes. While driving the vehicle, drivers frequently perform secondary activities that distract driving. A decrease in driver distraction is a critical aspect of the smart transportation system. To decrease accidents and improve safety, this paper proposes a distracted driver detection system that classifies various types of distracted activities using ensemble techniques. Different convolutional networks had been trained on images by e...

At grade intersection are one of the vital element in any road network. At grade intersections like Roundabouts take part a remarkable role in the level of delay experienced by vehicles on the road network. Roundabout control and traffic signals are the most common type of at grade intersection control. The aim of this research is to propose the changing of roundabout intersections into the signalizing intersection in the Rourkela city by using VISUM macro simulation software. The empirical w...

Public transportation network plays vital role in catering the needs of traffic in urban areas. The improvement of public transportation network helps to reduce the traffic problems and increase in mobility of vehicles. Nowadays, urban peoples are mostly using private transportation vehicles like cars, bikes, autos etc. which leads in high traffic congestion, high fuel emissions and higher road user cost. To overcome this disadvantages, we have to update the urban public transportation networ...

Recognizing humans through gait has been an em-anant biometric technology in the recent years owing to the fact that it is unobtrusive since it does not require a subject’s coop-eration. This paper investigates Kinect based gait recognition of human subjects for surveillance applications especially in narrow corridor and airport scenarios where only the frontal views are available. Two features namely skeleton size feature and projectile motion feature extracted from skeleton data and one fea...

This paper presents a novel application of local tetra patterns to the median filtering detection problem. The premise of the proposed method is based on the ability of the local tetra patterns in identifying the streaking fingerprints left over by the application of a median filter on an image. These streaking fingerprints serve as a clue in determining the authenticity of an image towards the application of a median filter. The streaking pixels are identified by establishing the relationshi...

Perimeter protection aims to detect intrusions: these intrusions may range from agricultural fields to army base camps. The main problem concerning perimeter protection is edge or boundary detection. In this paper, two boundary detection algorithms have been proposed that use convex hull techniques to find the boundary of a static and dynamic wireless sensor network (WSN). Whenever a boundary node on a static WSN has to be replaced, our method chooses a new neighbor such that the overall area...

Nanoparticles (NPs) have revolutionized the society being a part of numerous products of day to day uses. However, its potential to act as an adverse entity was greatly ignored. Recently, the toxic effect of nanoparticles on biological system is checked using various model organisms. Among various models fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has turned up as a promising model since numerous diseased genes and signalling pathways are similar to that of a human being. Effects of many NPs were teste...

The software-defined network is an advance net-work model that separates the data plane from the control plane. The control plane consists of controllers that act as a brain of the system, which takes an entire routing decision. For a wide-area network single controller is the bottleneck. Therefore, multiple controllers are required. To find the optimal positions of the controller in a network is a challenging task. As latency attains by the switches, rely upon the controller number and their...

Software-defined networking (SDN) is an emanate model for network management and design. The significant difference is the decoupling of the data plane from a control plane, which yields flexibility, programmability to configure the network and simplify the network management. SDN gives network administrators the capability to maintain and configure network services from a centralized location. The problem of controller placement concern with the number of controllers required and their place...

Software defined networking (SDN) empower the service providers and enterprisers to respond quickly to changing business requirements. Due to the logically centralized but physically distributed control architecture the resilience of the control plane is a major challenging issue. Failure of a controller needs reassignment of switches to other working controllers with enough capacity. Due to this, the propagation latency may increase which will lead to the increase cost of the network. In th...

The energy depletion in Software Defined Network (SDN) is a primary issue for the operators and regulators of the network because of the ubiquitous implementation of SDN to satisfy the demands of bandwidth-consuming applications. While conventional optimization of edge weights technique is used in various load balancing mechanisms in IGP networks. In this paper, we present a new edge weight optimization algorithm known as Grey Wolf Aware Load balancing and Energy sav-ing(GLE) which simultaneo...