The extensive use of carbendazim, a non-biodegradable fungicide, has raised an issue due to its environmental toxicity and accumulation in water bodies. This study is focused on removal of carbendazim from agriculture runoff water using reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Graphene oxide (GO) was synthesised by the modified Hummers' method and reduced to rGO using sodium borohydride (NaBH4) to enhance its adsorption capacity. Several analytical techniques, including FTIR, XRD, FE-SEM, and EDS analys...

The growing global demand for protein necessitates the search for sustainable, nutritionally dense alternative sources. Red weaver ant eggs represent a promising edible insect source, characterized by a substantial protein content. The study was aimed to evaluate the influence of varying sonication parameters (amplitude: 10–50%; duration: 5–30 min) on the protein extraction kinetics of ant egg protein (AEP) using Ultrasound-Assisted Aqueous Extraction (UAE) and to assess the resulting functio...

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to optimize the Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) drying process for producing instant idli batter powder and to evaluate the effect of EHD drying on the survival and viability of yeast cultures present in the batter. Additionally, the study aimed to analyze key physicochemical properties of the final powder, including color, water activity, and rehydration behavior, and to compare the nutritional quality and retention of essential nutrients in EHD-dried ...

Developing functional foods enriched with nutraceuticals offers a targeted strategy to support gut health and overall disease prevention. Since nutraceutical efficacy strongly depends on bioavailability, designing efficient bioactive delivery systems is essential. Protein-based carriers have emerged as promising candidates due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ability to form functional complexes with bioactive compounds.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to develop and validate a variable frequency solid-state microwave (SSMW) system, which included the fabrication of dual-antenna cavity and using power-frequency control software as well as to validate system's capability to achieve dynamic impedance matching. Methodology: The experimental setup was having a solid-state microwave system (SMGM -2450MHz, Panasonic, Japan) with precise frequency control (2401 – 2482 MHz in 1MHz steps) feeding a...

Objective: To investigate the physical characteristics (dimension, volume, sphericity, colour, etc.) and establish appropriate correlations between mass and the physical properties of Euryale ferox seeds by utilizing mass modelling. Methodology: Euryale ferox seeds were procured from local farmers in Bihar. The physical properties such as dimensions, projected area, volume, and diameters were measured and calculated using standard formulas. Furthermore, the colour and texture of the seeds wer...

Objective: Extraction and characterization of essential oil from acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia) peel powder using green technology and nanoencapsulation of the extract in polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000). Methodology: The Citrus aurantifolia peels were dried using two different methods, solar drying and tray drying, and optimization was carried out based on the phytochemical composition. The optimized powder was subjected to hydro-distillation and its chemical composition was analyzed by ...

The increasing complexity of modern power systems, particularly with the integration of distributed generation (DG) units and renewable energy sources, necessitates advanced control strategies that balance performance and communication efficiency. This study investigates the integration of event-triggered control (ETC) within a distributed control architecture tailored for AC microgrids, employing a multi-agent system (MAS) model. In this work, the ETC strategy mainly targets the secondary co...

The growing global interest in space exploration has spurred increased research and development of extraterrestrial rovers. Given that rovers are traditionally tested on Earth using soil simulants, a significant challenge arises due to the disparity in gravitational forces experienced on other celestial bodies. This paper presents a review of the variance in rover performance, particularly traction, under different gravitational conditions, such as those on the Moon and Mars. In general, a no...

This paper presents a novel robust control framework for a Shunt Hybrid Active Power Filter (SHAPF) to mitigate harmonics, compensate reactive power, and ensure dynamic stability in distribution networks with nonlinear loads. The proposed methodology integrates three advanced control strategies. First, a half-quadratic criterion–based (HQC) adaptive filtering algorithm is employed for reference current generation, enhancing robustness against impulsive and non-Gaussian disturbances while achi...

Biolinguistics is an emerging interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary field that aims to understand the biological foundations of language. It draws upon concepts and methodologies from biology, linguistics, and cognitive science to explore how language originates, develops, and operates within the human brain. This field has gained significant traction in domains such as cognitive science, neuroscience, and theoretical linguistics, its integration into academic programs of linguistics within...

This work leveraged the concept of generalized Schur complement form to develop a new formulation for reduced-order generalized eigen decomposition of a blockwise symmetric matrix pair. The proposed formulation has been initially validated for predicting the lower-order eigenmodes in non-electromagnetic problems. Later, the idea was applied to computing the dominant characteristic modes of a resonating structure. Detailed comparative studies indicate a significant leap in computational advanc...

Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA), one of the most virulent enterotoxins secreted by Staphylococcus aureus, causes a serious human health problem due to its superantigenic activity and ability to trigger severe food poisoning even at very low doses. Since no effective natural inhibitors of SEA have been identified to date, this study employs integrated computational approaches involving molecular docking, pharmacokinetic profiling, and molecular dynamics simulations to explore flavonoids as ...

Greywater surfactants affect ecosystems and water quality [1]. This study investigated the use of LS powder as a surfactant-removal coagulant in synthetic wastewater. In jar testing, with 3 g/L, pH 8, and a mixing speed of 140 RPM for quick mixing and 40 RPM for slow mixing, followed by 1 hour of sedimentation, turbidity was reduced by 77.08% and surfactant removal was 66.75%. SEM, XRD, EDX, FTIR, zeta potential, confocal microscopy, and contact angle measured LS characteristics. For LS, the ...

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a biopolymer of glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-glucosamine connected by β-1,3 and β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Hyaluronic acid has pharmaceutical, medical and cosmetic applications. Conventionally, HA produced from heterotrophic bacteria, such as Streptococcus zooepidemicus, which requires costly substrates, generates endotoxins, and shows batch-to-batch variation. To target these limitations, explorations of phototrophic pathways using organisms like Synechococcus sp. PCC 70...

The redox interplay between iron-sulfur-oxygen underpins both biological homeostasis and geochemical cycling of iron. Prior to the Great Oxygenation Event (GOE), sulfur fostered a reducing environment that preserved Fe2+ bioavailability. The subsequent rise of atmospheric oxygen post-GOE posed oxidative environment to Fe2+ further depleting its bioavailability which likely drove the evolution of ferritin, a protein nanocage that detoxifies and cages iron as ferrihydrite (Fh) mineral while ena...

Low-dimensional bismuth/antimony (Bi/Sb) organic–inorganic metal halides (OIMHs) are receiving considerable attention for their rich structural variety and strong luminescence. Gaining deeper insight into how crystal structure influences light-emission behaviour is essential for tailoring these materials for practical applications. In this work we synthesized two new lead-free OIMHs, (TMBA)₃Bi₂Cl₉ and (TMBA)₃Sb₂Cl₉ [TMBA = benzyltrimethylammonium], which adopt zero-dimensional (0D) structures...

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) are constituted using a periodic arrangement of unit cells whose full-wave electromagnetic characterization is computationally challenging due to their large electrical size. Although planewave approximation modeling with periodic Green’s function can provide a rough estimate of its scattering characteristics, the mutual interaction of the unit cell elements starts to play a non-trivial role in the high-frequency band. In addition, when a finite trans...

Polyphenols are naturally occurring plant-derived secondary metabolites that influence postprandial glucose homeostasis by modulating enzymatic starch breakdown. Polyphenols, particularly flavonoids and phenolic acids, are reported to enhance insulin action and lower postprandial glucose levels by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and enzymatic pathways of starch hydrolysis. The present study investigates the inhibitory effect of selected dietary polyphenols on starch hydrolysis usin...