On a global scale, power generation is accomplished through utilizing both fossil fuels and renewable energy sources. Fossil fuels can exhaust reserves and contribute to environmental pollution. India produces roughly 750 million tonnes of biomass yearly, mostly from agricultural leftovers, with 230 million tonnes of surplus biomass, which can be used along with coal as a secondary raw material, reducing dependency on coal. In this study, the co-pyrolysis of untreated and pretreated biomasses...

In the present era of transportation electrification, an integrated framework is developed in this paper for real-time estimation of the voltage and temperature in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) based on a Sliding Mode Observer (SMO) approach. The study is based on a first-order electrical equivalent circuit model (1-RC model), augmented with thermal dynamics. The battery’s open circuit voltage (OCV) is modeled as a polynomial function of the state-of-charge (SOC), while the transient behavior ...

Abnormal chromatin (DNA and histones) alterations and disturbances in cellular signaling pathways are two of the many intricate molecular processes that cause breast cancer. These changes are essential for turning oncogenes on and suppressing tumor suppressor genes. With a particular focus on the tumor suppressor gene IGFBP7, this study examines how plasma membrane lipid rafts regulate epigenetic factors and signaling pathways in breast cancer. Several genes were identified by transcriptome a...

Gait abnormality classification of neurodegenerative disorders plays a vital role in early diagnosis and clinical decision-making. Traditional machine learning approaches often rely on handcrafted features and fail to capture the complex temporal and spatial dynamics present in gait signals, limiting their classification performance. To overcome these, we present a hybrid deep learning model combining Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM), and Gate...

An ultra-high gain DC-DC converter is derived. The proposed high-gain, high-efficiency circuit features a single switch, diodes, inductors, and capacitors. The high-gain converter is suitable for sustainable energy technologies. Steady-state behavior is examined under both continuous and discontinuous conduction modes. The voltage stress across the devices is low. The switches and diodes' voltage and current stress analysis is done to select the proper device. The ripple voltage and ripple cu...

Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive gliomas with poor survival rate and limited treatment strategies which mostly lead to relapse. Conventional therapies fail to overcome cancer recurrence due to the existence of stem cell like CSCs. Eradicating cancer stem cells may provide improved treatment alternatives. For in vivo characterization and better insight into unique properties of cancer stem cells (CSCs), by using hanging drop method, we developed glioblastoma spheres that were enriche...

In this work, we obtain an approximate analytical solution of the Burgers equation by employing the Yang Transform in combination with the Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM). The Yang Transform is first used to convert the original time-dependent nonlinear PDE into a simpler form. The nonlinear convection term is then decomposed using Adomian polynomials, enabling us to construct the solution as an infinite series. Applying the inverse Yang Transform yields the approximate solution in the phy...

This study investigates the dynamic relationship between regular and flexible commodity futures, focusing on mini contracts, quality variations, and settlement modifications. Flexible futures target a broader audience than standardized regular contracts. Using a Difference-in- Difference (DiD) analysis on base metals (2004–2024), findings indicate that flexible contracts act as substitutes, reducing the trading volume of pre-existing regular contracts. However, the aggregate volume of both co...

The construction industries play a crucial role in the economic growth of a country. However, they also cause environmental and social degradation throughout the supply chain’s lifecycle. Most of the available literature has covered only the environmental factors related to green supply chain management of the construction industry. Thus, the current study has covered all three sustainability issues related to the economic, environmental, and social aspects of supply chain management in the I...

Mechanical stresses generated through tissue stiffness and cytoskeletal dynamics are critical to cellular behavior, especially in cancer development. Mechanosensitive proteins in plasma membrane lipid rafts transmit these stresses, affecting intracellular signaling pathways. We here examined the effects of matrix stiffness on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells FaDu and SCC9, cultured on chitosan-coated dishes with increasing concentrations (1%, 2%, and 3%) to mimic the increase in stif...

This paper presents a compact single-fed circularly polarized (CP) wideband crossed dipole antenna (CDA) integrated with dual corrugated conical shaped choke rings on a circular flat ground plane for Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) applications. These choke rings help to mitigate multipath propagation effects thereby reducing the sidelobes and backlobes. The proposed antenna can achieve an impedance bandwidth of 77.3% (1.00-2.26) GHz for S11 ≤ -10 dB and axial ratio bandwidth of 60...

Maintaining voltage stability in photovoltaic-based power systems is often challenged by variable solar input and dynamic load profiles. This paper presents a Simulink-based simulation of a PV-battery system in which a Model Predictive Control (MPC) strategy is employed to regulate the DC bus voltage with high precision. The system consists of a PV array connected via a boost converter governed by a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm, and a battery energy storage system interfaced ...

This paper presents the design and simulation of a hybrid energy management system incorporating photovoltaic (PV) panels, a battery energy storage system, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and a diesel generator to ensure a stable DC bus voltage under varying generation and load conditions. The system is modeled using MATLAB/Simulink, where the PV panel is connected to a boost converter controlled by a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm to optimize energy extraction. A bidirectional...

This research work presents a comprehensive assessment of both classical and advanced control techniques applied to a battery-integrated dual active bridge (DAB) converter. The DAB converter is very popular in DC microgrid applications for DC link voltage stabilization. The DAB converter offers galvanic isolation, high efficiency, and flexible voltage gain, which makes it suitable for battery integration to the DC-link. Various control strategies, including Proportional-Integral (PI), Interna...

Electric vehicles (EVs), consumer electronics, and other battery-operated applications extensively use lithium-ion batteries (LiBs). A constant current constant voltage (CCCV) charging profile is used in the majority of these applications as a standard charging procedure. However, this approach falls short in addressing LiB’s state of health (SoH), which is crucial for extending its lifespan. During the CC charging phase, the battery temperature may increase manifold beyond the safety levels ...

To enhance the flexural strength of reinforced concrete beams, the traditional method is to externally bond the FRP to the soffit of the beam. How-ever, the soffit of the beam may be narrow or difficult to access for strengthen-ing purposes, especially when access is obstructed by existing structural ele-ments or when the reinforced concrete (RC) beam spans across adjacent com-partments, limiting available space. To overcome these limitations, this paper explores the feasibility of using side...

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are essential and have a large variety of applications, yet their safety and performance critically depend on temperature regulations. This study presents a compact electro-thermal model that integrates an electrical equivalent circuit representation with a thermal network description of the battery. Within this framework, a joint estimation of the battery’s state-of-energy (SoE) and surface temperature is achieved using an extended Kalman filter (EKF).To rigorous...

This paper presents a chipless radio frequency identification (CRFID) tag design highlighting a dual-sided resonator configuration, printed on both sides of flexible substrates. The proposed tag is designed on a 30×30×0.5 mm³-sized polyethylene terephthalate (PET) flexible substrate. The proposed dual-sided resonator configuration allows the tag to encode multiple data bits in a small area, which results in high code capacity. The electromagnetic simulations are conducted using a Plane wave e...

Sintering, a thermally activated consolidation process, densifies discrete particles into continuous structures via atomic-scale mass transport below the melting point. Here, we employ large-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to systematically elucidate the coalescence and neck growth mechanisms of In₀.₁Ga₀.₉N nanoparticles in both homogeneous wurtzite–wurtzite and heterogeneous wurtzite–zincblende phase configurations. Simulations were conducted using the Stillinger–Weber1 potential a...