Ribose-induced Advanced Glycation End Products Reduce the Lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster by Changing the Redox State and Down-Regulating the Sirtuin Genes

Abstract

Advanced Glycation End (AGE) products are one such factor that accumulates during aging and age-related diseases. However, the mechanisms by which exogenous AGE compounds contribute to aging are an area that requires further exploration. Specifically, how an organ undergoes aging and aging-related phenomena that need further investigation. The intestine is the most exposed area to food substances. The impact of AGEs on the intestine in relation to aging requires further exploration. Drosophila melanogaster, a well-established model organism, was utilized to elucidate the mechanisms of aging and age-related phenomena. In this study, we fed Ribose-induced Advanced Glycation End-products (Rib AGE) to D. melanogaster to investigate the aging mechanism. A series of changes was found in Rib AGE-fed flies. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide species (NOs) were higher in the Rib AGE-fed flies, and the antioxidant level was lower. The intestinal permeability was altered, and the Smurf phenotypes were higher. The microorganism load was higher inside the gut. The structural arrangement of the gut’s microfilament was found to be damaged, and the nuclear shape was found to be irregular. The food intake was found to be reduced. The relative mRNA expression of the Sirtuin 2 and Sirtuin 6 genes of D. melanogaster was downregulated in Rib-AGE-fed flies compared to the control. All these findings strongly suggest that Rib-AGE accelerates aging and age-related disorders in D. melanogaster.