Blockchain-Based Defense Mechanisms for Mitigating Unnecessary Islanding in Microgrids Against Cyber-Attack

Abstract

Microgrids (MGs) play a crucial role in enhancing energy resilience and integrating renewable energy sources into the grid. However, they face vulnerabilities to cyberattacks, particularly False Data Injection Attacks (FDIAs), capable of manipulating measurement data and disrupting system operations, potentially leading to unnecessary islanding of MG. This paper proposes a novel methodology leveraging Blockchain Technology (BCT) for FDIA detection to ensure data integrity within MG Systems. The methodology utilizes Rate of Change of Power (RoCoP) analysis as transactions to detect deviations in power dynamics indicative of FDIA occurrences. Smart contracts embedded within the BCT framework enforce constraints to validate transactions, ensuring the integrity and security of measurement data. Simulation studies conducted on a modified IEEE-14 Bus Test System demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in detecting and securing measurement data against FDIAs, safeguarding the uninterrupted operation of MGs. The obtained results indicate that the proposed methodology offers a robust defense mechanism against sophisticated cyberattacks, such as FDIAs, fortifying the resilience and reliability of MG systems.