Advancements in Electrochemical Glucose Sensor Materials

Abstract

Increased health awareness has called for better health monitoring devices. Continuous research is ongoing to enhance the efficacy of glucose sensors. Rapid innovations and breakthroughs are visible in both, conventional enzymatic sensors & non-enzymatic sensors, towards the control of diabetes. Although enzymatic sensors are known for their excellent sensitivity and selectivity, Non-enzymatic sensors are being preferred for their stability and affordability, progressing towards the ultimate goal of developing rapid and accurate glucose tests. Progress in development of glucose sensor is being achieved by improvements in electrode materials as well as sensor design. The selection of electrode materials is crucial in both enzymatic and non-enzymatic glucose sensors for attaining optimum values of sensing time as well as accuracy. Numerous electrode materials, including graphene, carbon nanotubes, metal oxides (such as platinum and gold), and conductive polymers, have been developed and studied by researchers to be employed in glucose sensors. Among the most critical factors being considered for developing glucose sensor materials are the selectivity for glucose molecule without interference due to the presence of another molecules. Furthermore, the long term stability of the developed electrode to enhance the stability and reliability of the sensor system. In this work, we would be exclusively provide a detailed account of these advancements in past decade to trace the sensor developmental research.