Resonant Leadership: Scale Development and Validation of Four-Factor Model in Indian Study

Abstract

This paper develops a four factor model of resonant leadership style with altruism as an additional dimension practiced by Indian managers. The four factor model is an extension of existing three factor model of Daniel Goleman et al (2002) with factors: vision, compassion, and overall positive mood. 28 items were developed, through extensive review of literature, focus group interview, and taking expert opinion, using existing literature to measure four dimensions of resonant leaders. Data was collected from 220 middle level executives working in IT/ITES sector from National Capital region, which had faced reduction in staff in recent past. Reliability and validity of the new instrument have been checked using both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Findings showed that the new resonant leadership scale has satisfactory construct validity with four dimensions and are supported with the significant composite reliability. Mid-level executives working in downsized firms shared their experiences of team leaders’ resonant leadership style. These leaders with right balance of vision, compassion, positive mood, and altruistic behaviour, helped revive morale of survivors of the firm. Altruistic behaviour of Indian managers is result of social learning from Indian value system.