Spatial analysis of flooding on Baitarani river basin using mike hydro and remote sensing

Abstract

India has a disadvantage of being in the path of depression of severe floods that occurs every frequent year.FloodsarearegularphenomenoninOdishahappeningalmosteveryyear.InOdisha,damagesare caused due to floods mainly in the Mahanadi, the Brahmani, the Baitarani, Subernekha, Rushikulya, Nagavali, and Kalyani. This inundation flooding events at frequent intervals demand identification of flood hazard-prone areas in a scientific way for prioritizing appropriate flood preparedness and long-term planning. For the better management of floods, non-structural measures are practicing nowadays such as flood forecasting, flood hazard mapping, and flood risk zoning are more in trends. Remote sensing and GIS play a major role in mapping, monitoring and providing all flood-related studies with a spatial database. The present work focuses on the use of topography and imagery based on remote sensing in the GISsystem for Baitarani River's integrated flood analysis,which is one of the most flood-prone rivers. The shuttle radar topography mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has been used to create a detailed sub-basin and river map of the entire Baitarani basin. The SRTM DEM, discharge time series, rating curve and ground-based river cross-section from Anandapur barrage to JajpurstretchofBaitaraniRiverwereusedtocreate1-dimensionalhydrodynamic(1-DHD)model for simulating flood water level,discharge and flood inundation of various gauge stations for the monsoon period. Validation of simulated flood flows was done using the observed water level of central water commission (CWC) from Anandapur barrage to Akhuapada stations, with a coefficient of correlation of 0.85. Finally, an integrated framework for flood modelling and management system is proposed.