The advancement of highly effective electrocatalysts for water electrolysis applications has become a prominent topic of interest. In particular, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) has garnered considerable attention due to the substantial overpotential associated with the intricate four-electron transfer coupled reaction. Upgrading economic water splitting technique requires evolution of two-dimensional, inexpensive, robust electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reactions (OERS). In this stud...

Mission critical applications in underwater communication need to handle data transfer with high reliability and low latency. Moreover, coverage of a large number of underwater sensors gains significance in harsh aquatic environments. These goals can be fulfilled by deploying simultaneously transmitting and reflecting optical reconfigurable intelligent surface (STARORIS), which can enhance the coverage, reliability, and security. However, data broadcasting in underwater optical wireless commu...

Let G be a finite, simple, and undirected graph with the Laplacian matrix L. We study the continuous-time quantum walk on G, governed by the transition matrix UL(t) = e itL, where t ∈ R. In this work, we explore Laplacian state transfer on a double subdivided star Tm,m, constructed by connecting the coalescence vertices of two copies of a subdivided star SK1,m with an additional edge. We present a complete characterization for the existence of Laplacian pretty good state transfer and Laplacia...

This paper discusses the performance improvement of current controlled brushless DC (BLDC) drive during motoring and regenerative braking operations. The BLDC motor drive is modeled to analyze the dynamics and proper design of the speed controller. The drive is fed through a bidirectional converter which is designed to maintain the dc link voltage with reduced battery ripple currents. The developed model is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK platform to verify the performance of PI control scheme i...

Social networking platforms in general recommend new connections to their users. Existing approaches towards these recommendations mostly rely on finding the erstwhile snapshot of a Social Networking Graph (SNG). These recommendations are also made on the basis of immediate profiling of users or their triadic closure, without considering connections that may suit indirectly due to overlapping interests. Therefore, in pursuit of proposing a robust scheme for the same, through this work, we mod...

Due to their ability to impart transverse stiffness, glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite materials have increasingly been used in different sectors, especially in the woven type. Assembly of such materials in many configurations requires drilling a hole, thus creating a material discontinuity in that component. The failure strength and mode of failure significantly depend on the shape of such notches. In this investigation, the numerical model of woven GFRP laminates with various ...

Woven glass fibre-reinforced polymer composite materials are widely used in different sectors, replacing traditional construction materials with their advantages in lightweight construction, high strength-to-weight ratio, etc., and especially their ability to impart transverse stiffness to the structure. The objective of the current investigation is to introduce a side edge notch to the laminate and study the failure pattern. The effect of crack length on the failure pattern and strength of t...

Let G be a finite group. Define α(G) as the minimum number of vertices among all graphs Γ such that Aut Γ ∼= G. For any p prime, all p-groups of order p n having cyclic subgroups of order p n − 1 have been completely classified. Here, we consider one family of groups called modular p-groups, denoted by Modn(p), for an odd prime p and n ≥ 3. We compute the order of vertexminimal graphs with Modn(p)-symmetry. The fixing number of a graph Γ is defined as the smallest number of vertices in V (Γ) ...

The ever-growing demand for smarter cities has paved the path for envisioning smart traffic, in the existing road infrastructure. Learning-based techniques have recently been promising for solving traffic management problems in Intelligent Traffic Light Systems. This paper proposes a novel Intelligent Traffic Light System for the roundabouts accounting high density traffic scenarios. The roundabouts have shown excellent results in terms of reducing traffic and accidents. The proposed agent is...

This paper investigates a linearly-polarized pentagonal fractal antenna for 5G Sub-6 GHz Applications. The final design topology is attained by a circular slot fractal-based pentagonal radiator, the partial ground, and a microstrip feedline, to realize a novel fractal antenna with a small footprint, better geometrical conformability, and wide Impedance Bandwidth (IBW) to function in the UWB. A 2 nd order fractal geometry is employed along the inner edges of the radiator. The antenna performan...

Santiniketan in West Bengal, India was declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site (WHS) in 2023. This new status merits examination of existing patterns of tourism to manage its growth and plan for the future. The exclusive focus on historic buildings and landscapes of Visva-Bharati University campus in the nomination dossier implies the state’s preoccupation with tangible heritage of the core area. Cultural tourism in Santiniketan, however, is a broader phenomenon drawing upon its rural envir...

The extraction of coal pillars in thick coal seams under challenging geo-mining conditions is critical for improving underground mining efficiency and safety. This study focuses on the safe mechanised depillaring of a panel up to 6 m thickness along top section of 10 m ( approx.) thick seam at Vakilpalli Mine, SCCL at higher depth. The panel was situated around 80 m below overlying barrier pillar of goaved-out panel and above limited thickness of parting ( around 8 m) from the stowed goaf of ...

Social networks (SNWs) rely on effective friend suggestion algorithms (FSAs) that would enhance users’ connectivity and foster their engagement. This paper briefly compares some of the existing FSAs that are used for making such recommendations. By analyzing these algorithms, we identify their strengths and weaknesses and the way they leverage user data for making meaningful suggestions. Building on these insights, we further aim to propose a novel FSA that is based on individual user engagem...

Outlier detection (OD) plays an important role in areas such as fraud detection, network security, and so on. In addition, traditional OD methods were limited to detecting a single type of anomaly: local, global, or clustered anomalies. For denser regions, extraction of outliers may turn out to be a challenging task. In order to address these issues, the paradigm of density-based outlier detection (DBOD) came into existence. DBOD mainly leverages the ideas of local outlier factor (LOF), the r...

With the increase in sophistication of diverse network types, a plethora of community detection algorithms in complex networks (CDCNAs) had been introduced. However, a majority of existing surveys and studies are restricted to detecting communities based on selected classes of algorithms. To address this research gap, we briefly present a review of various CDCNAs that includes an overarching taxonomy of these algorithms supported by their in-depth categorization. Furthermore, in pursuit of co...

Neuromarketing is transforming with rapid technological advancements, shifting from traditional lab-based studies to real-time, in-store, and remote research. AI-powered solutions, wearable technology, and scalable remote methodologies have expanded neuromarketing’s reach across diverse consumer contexts. While these innovations present significant opportunities, they also create challenges for service providers, who must continuously evolve to ensure reliability, differentiation, and competi...

The Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) framework improves next-generation wireless communication systems by using affordable passive components. Because long short term memory (LSTM) models can learn temporal correlations and extract features from sequential data, they are very effective at solving channel estimation (CE) problems. This work applies the LSTM model to CE in downlink orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems with IRS enabled multiple-input single-output (MISO)...

Background: Diabetes, a chronic condition affecting millions globally, requires continuous glucose monitoring and precise insulin dosing. The development of the artificial pancreas (AP) can automate glucose regulation, but widespread adoption remains limited due to several challenges, lack of automated physical activity integration, manual meal recording and declaration, continuous glucose monitoring sensor errors such as missing data points, high costs of CGM sensors and insulin pumps. These...

The segmentation of brain tumor images has been essential for diagnosing the tumorous region. This helps in the development of effective treatment strategies and guiding surgical decisions. Manual segmentation methods had been used earlier, which led medical practitioners, researchers, and radiologists to recognize the tumors at a very late stage, increasing the risk of mortality for the patient. The proposed segmentation framework has been trained, validated, and tested in a publicly availab...