Piezoelectric materials are a class of dielectric material which have the ability to convert mechanical stress into electric signals and vice-versa. The harmful nature of traditional lead-based ceramics has intensified efforts to discover viable lead-free alternatives. Out of numerous lead-free materials, Potassium Sodium Niobate (K0.5Na0.5NbO3(KNN)) stands most promising because of its high Curie temperature (420°C) and significant ferroelectric and dielectric properties showing implicit app...

Preceramic polymers with their unique nanostructure and phase composition have aided myriads of structural and functional applications of materials. One such important application is their usage as anodes in lithium ion batteries. In the next generation anodes, Siis widely regarded as a leading material due to its high theoretical capacity. However, its practical use is hindered by significant volume expansion (over 300%) during lithiation, leading to mechanical degradation. In this work, we ...

Ferrocenophanes or Ansa ferrocenes are an interesting class of organometallic compounds, where the two Cp rings of a ferrocenyl moiety are joined together with a looped handle type bridge, forming a strained structure. Among them carbon bridged [3]ferrocenophanes involving three bridging carbon centres are also widely studied due to their stability, structural flexibility and functionalization prospects.[1] In spite of extensive synthetic study of carba-[3]ferrocenophanes, heterocyclefunction...

Parameter estimation in chemical reaction networks is a challenging task due to its inherent nonlinearity and stochasticity. Extended Kalman Filters (EKF) have been widely used for this purpose. However, the process noise covariance in the Kalman filter algorithm is hard to determine and the effect of reduced order modelling on estimation is generally unknown. Here, we implement a Continuous Discrete-EKF (CD-EKF) with process noise covariance updated based on Chemical Langevin Equation (CLE)....

Concrete pavements are essential in developing transportation systems and constitute a significant portion of the construction industry. They are generally made of pavement-quality concrete (PQC) designed to withstand continuous vehicle traffic loads. With the rise in demand for global transportation systems, the raw materials used in PQC are getting scarcer daily. Geopolymer concrete is an alternative that is being studied in the construction industry. The present study aimed to promote the ...

Generating functions of characters for Lie superalgebras are used to derive important information such as branching rule, polynomial tensors, and many more. In this paper, we construct the generating function for the characters and dimensions of the basic Lie superalgebras osp(1, 2) using the supersymmetric Calogero-Sutherland model. The supersymmetric Calogero-Sutherland model is a quantum-integrable many body system which describes the interactions of particles moving on a circle. The inter...

In this paper, we present a combinatorial characterization of the non-singular hyperplanes defined with respect to a non-singular hermitian variety H (s, q2) in the projective space PG (s, q2) where s ≥ 3 and q > 2. By analyzing the intersection numbers of hyperplanes with points and co-dimension 2 subspaces, we establish necessary and sufficient conditions for a collection of hyperplanes to be the set of all non-singular hyperplanes of a hermitian variety. This approach extends previous char...

In this work, we discuss the existence of weak solutions for the following class of nonlinear elliptic problem −∆w−λg(y)w + h(w) = f(y) in V \V0 w =0 onV0, (1) where V is the Sierpi´nski gasket in RN−1(N ≥ 2), V0 denotes its boundary (consisting of its N corners), ∆ is the Laplacian operator on V , λ ∈ R and f, g : V →R, h: R → R are the functions satisfying the following assumptions: (H1) f ∈ L2(Ω),g ∈ L∞(Ω), (H2) h : R → R be a Lipschitz continuous function with Lipschitz constant D and h(0...

In this work, a rectangular microstrip antenna is investigated on a conical surface for ISM band applications. 3D EM simulator HFSS is used to optimize the antenna. The fundamental TM_01 mode of the conical rectangular microstrip antenna is excited using a coaxial probe feeding mechanism. It is found that the antenna shows broadside radiation with a high isolation between co- and crosspolarization. The antenna shows a 5.4dB gain in the broadside direction.

This study evaluates the environmental sustainability of bioplastics using a cradle to grave Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Environmental impacts related to greenhouse gas emissions, energy and water use, land use, and end of life management were analyzed. Results show that bioplastic sustainability strongly depends on feedstock selection, production processes, and waste treatment pathways, emphasizing the need for integrated supply chain and end of life strategies within a circular economy.

Luminous blue variables (LBVs) also known as S Doradus variables are evolved massive stars close to the Eddington limit, with a distinct spectroscopic and photometric variability having unsteady mass-loss rates. These stars show a considerable change in their surface temperature from quiescent to outbursts phase. The cause of irregular variability and unsteady mass-loss rate is not properly understood. Here we present the preliminary results of linear stability analysis in six LBVs (GR 290, H...

Massive stars play a crucial role in the chemical enrichment of galaxies. These stars exhibit several phenomena including variability of different time scales and extreme mass-loss. Variability of evolved massive stars such as Wolf-Rayet have posed several challenges in our understanding on the origin of variability. Here we present the outcomes of the linear stability analysis in three Wolf-Rayet stars. Linear stability analyses show that the models of these stars have radial modes of the or...

Introduction: Paper microfluidic devices despite proven to be effective, encounter challenges when complex biofluids such as blood, mucus or cerebrospinal fluid are used as samples1. These fluids exhibit high flow resistance due to their non-Newtonian nature, arising from cellular & biomolecular components. As a result, complex fluids show slow wetting uneven spreading and unintended separation effects2. This study examines different design parameters to manipulate fluid flow more effectively...

Objective: Develop a drying based application platform to predict the initial characteristics of Coccinia grandis, which vary with geographic location, climate, harvesting method, harvesting time, and biological variability. Methodology: A computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model was developed based on different partial differential equations that consider heat, mass, and momentum transfer and validated against an experimental drying process (hot air oven at 60°C and an air velocity of 1 m/s)....

Objectives: This study developed a chitosan-based antifungal coating enriched with ursolic acid (UA) extracted from basil and rosemary to extend papaya shelf life. It focused on UA extraction, purification, antifungal evaluation, and effectiveness in preserving papaya quality during storage. Methodology: UA was purified using column chromatography, confirmed through TLC and FTIR, and quantified by the vanillin-sulfuric acid colorimetric method. Its antifungal activity was tested against Candi...

In the study of supersymmetry, we encounter the systems whose dynamics are represented using both commuting and anticommuting variables. Thus, the state-space of those dynamical systems becomes a supermanifold. Though the dynamical systems emerging from natural phenomena are nonlinear in nature, linear control systems play a vital role in studying the systems locally. Therefore, we study the linear control system on Lie supergroups along with its controllability criterion. Moreover, we prove ...

Lead-free ferroelectric ceramic oxides; KxNa1-xNbO3 (x = 0.45, 0.50 and 0.55) have been prepared using solid-state reaction technique by varying K/Na ratio. Their crystal structures have been investigated using XRD and Raman spectroscopic techniques at room temperature (RT). Rietveld refinement analysis on XRD data suggest the monoclinic crystal structure having Pm space group for K0.45Na0.55NbO3 and orthorhombic crystal structure with Amm2 space group for both K0.5Na0.5NbO3 and K0.55Na0.45Nb...

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the synergistic effects of three prominent non-thermal techniques; Ultrasound (US), Ultraviolet (UV) and Ozone (O3) on milk quality. The objective is to determine whether this hurdle-based approach can enhance the functional, structural, and nutritional properties of milk, without compromising the nutritional integrity, thereby offering a clean-label alternative to the conventional thermal techniques. Methodology: Raw milk was subjected to combined US-UV...

Lead-free Ba₁₋ₓSrₓTiO₃ (BST) ceramics with x = 0.25, 0.30, and 0.35 were synthesized via solid-state reaction for energy storage applications. X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of a tetragonal phase. Among the compositions, 35BST exhibited superior dielectric and energy storage performance near room temperature, delivering a recoverable energy density of 0.75 J/cm³ and efficiency of ~ 72.2 % at 115 kV/cm. Enhanced Sr content was found to improve breakdown strength and polarization, ma...