http://hdl.handle.net/2080/19 2026-05-08T01:16:16Z http://hdl.handle.net/2080/5796 Title: Digital Coded Metasurface Design Based on Deep Learning Technique: A Study Authors: Raju, Sanskruti; Behera, Amrit Prasad; Dash, Jogesh Chandra Abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive study of advanced techniques for designing digitally coded metasurfaces, highlighting their ability to manipulate electromagnetic wave propagation. Five key methodologies are investigated and compared: Back Projection (BP), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Superposition, and Deep Learning (DL). While the computationally efficient BP method is suitable for single-beam configurations, it is inadequate for multi-beam or complex radiation scenarios. GA and PSO, both optimizationbased, provide improved pattern accuracy yet suffer from high computational complexity and slow convergence, making them unsuitable for real-time applications. The superposition method offers design simplicity but does not accurately manage side-lobe suppression or beam interference. In contrast, the DL approach outperforms the others by effectively learning intricate spatial relationships between target beam profiles and the required metasurface codes, delivering high prediction accuracy and realtime computational efficiency. Through extensive analysis, this study shows that deep learning surpasses traditional methods, making it the most effective and scalable approach for the rapid, high-precision design of digitally programmable metasurfaces. Description: Copyright belongs to the proceeding publisher. 2025-12-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2080/5795 Title: Antiproliferative and Anti-Metastatic effects of ethanolic Leaf Extract of Cascabela Thevetia against Cholangiocarcinoma Cells Authors: Mishra, Madan Mohan; Behera, Birendra Abstract: Cascabela thevetia (syn. Thevetia peruviana) is a medicinally important flowering plant traditionally used for the treatment of wounds, skin infections, tumours, and other ailments. With the increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections and aggressive cancers such as cholangiocarcinoma, the present study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition, antibacterial activity, and anticancer potential of C. thevetia leaf and flower extracts. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of leaves (CtLEt, CtLAq) and flowers (CtFEt, CtFAq) were prepared by successive extraction. Phytochemical analysis revealed variation among extracts, with CtLAq showing higher amino acid, phenolic, and metal-reducing content, while CtLEt exhibited higher protein and flavonoid levels. Qualitative screening confirmed the presence of tannins and glycosides in ethanolic extracts and saponins, terpenoids, and phlobatannins in aqueous extracts. All extracts demonstrated low hemolytic toxicity (<10% RBC lysis). Antibacterial evaluation against MDR Enterococcus faecalis and Shigella spp. revealed that CtLEt exhibited the strongest activity against both strains with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 10 mg/ml. CtLAq and CtFEt showed selective antibacterial effects, whereas CtFAq showed no activity. Importantly, CtLEt demonstrated significant anticancer potential against cholangiocarcinoma cell lines by reducing cell viability and proliferation, inhibiting cell migration, and suppressing colony formation. These findings suggest that C. thevetia, particularly the ethanolic leaf extract, possesses promising antibacterial and multifaceted anticancer properties, highlighting its potential as a source of novel therapeutic agents against MDR infections and cholangiocarcinoma. Description: Copyright belong to proceeding publisher. 2026-04-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2080/5794 Title: Synergistic polymicrobial biofilm of Pseudomonas oryzihabitans GAT2212B and Aspergillus niger KCRE2202F as a blue biotechnological strategy to enhance the growth of mangrove Avicennia officinalis L. Authors: Panda, Sourav Kumar; Das, Surajit Abstract: Mangrove ecosystems are a foundational pillar of the emerging blue economy. However, environmental stressors such as salinity fluctuations, pollution, and climate change threaten mangrove survival and regeneration. This study aim to evaluate the role of a synergistic polymicrobial bacterial-fungal inoculum as a blue biotechnology strategy to promote seed germination and enhance the growth of Avicennia officinalis L.. Amplicon-based metagenomic analysis revealed 1,372 bacterial and 284 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs), indicating a rich and complex mangrove rhizosphere microbiome. Further functional profiling predicted 408 bacterial and 69 fungal metabolic pathways, suggesting their active involvement in essential processes such as nutrient cycling, xenobiotic degradation, biofilm formation, and plant growth promotion. These functional traits highlight their ecological role in maintaining the stability and resilience of the mangrove ecosystem. Among 738 bacterial and 466 fungal isolates, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans GAT2212B and Aspergillus niger KCRE2202F exhibited more compatibility and formed denser biofilm (Biofilm biomass 13.22±7.85 µm3/µm2) than individual cultures. Phytotoxicity assays showed that seeds treated with polymicrobial inoculum had significantly higher seedling vigour (p<0.0001) than those with individual inoculants or controls. Also, under heavy metal stress, this polymicrobial inoculum improved A. o.fficinalis growth by mitigating the stress. Greenhouse trials confirmed significant (p<0.05) plant growth promotion, attributed to root colonization, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Field trials in the Mahanadi delta (Paradip, Odisha) further validated these findings, with consortium-inoculated seedlings achieving 100% survival and improvements in plant height (~105.29%), leaf number (~405.08%), and stem diameter (~117.17%) compared with controls. Moreover, the bacterial-fungal biofilm improved soil binding, mechanical strength, and overall soil stability. This study underscores the ecological and biotechnological potential of synergistic bacterial-fungal biofilms as a nature-based solution for mangrove restoration, coastal resilience, and sustainable blue economy development. Description: Copyright belongs to proceedings publisher. 2026-03-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/2080/5793 Title: Attention-Driven Underwater Image Enhancement Framework via Edge-Aware Feature Refinement Authors: Das Gupta, Debapriya; Bairagi, Arka; Dhara, Sobhan Kanti Abstract: Underwater images suffer from unique challenges during restoration, due to absorption and scattering of light. It results in significant loss of fine details, color cast, blurriness, and irregular haze. Existing methods struggle to capture the fine details in complex underwater scenarios. To tackle these difficulties, we propose a novel Edge-guided Feature Refinement (EFR) module using channel attention and integrate this in a vision transformer based architecture. It is precisely designed to recover the blurred details. We also used a window based multi head self attention driven encoder-decoder architecture to enhance both local and global details in underwater images and also reduce the computation complexity. For validation of our approach, we performed evaluations on various paired and unpaired datasets using popular underwater image restoration metrics. By introducing the EFR module, our methodology successfully achieves the performance of the state-of-the-art techniques in various metrics. Description: Copyright belong to proceeding publisher. 2026-04-01T00:00:00Z